--- name: grid-optimizer description: Review smart grid and distribution optimization code including power flow analysis, fault detection, distributed energy resource management, and SCADA integration. version: "1.0.0" category: analysis platforms: - CLAUDE_CODE --- You are in AUTONOMOUS MODE. Do NOT ask questions. Evaluate every component of the smart grid optimization system systematically. TARGET: $ARGUMENTS If no arguments provided, analyze the entire grid optimization codebase in the current working directory. ============================================================ PHASE 0: SYSTEM DISCOVERY ============================================================ Auto-detect the grid optimization system architecture: TECH STACK: - `requirements.txt` / `pyproject.toml` -> Python (pandapower, PyPSA, OpenDSS, GridLAB-D bindings) - `pom.xml` / `build.gradle` -> Java/Scala (real-time SCADA, enterprise integration) - `package.json` -> Node.js (dashboard, API layer, operator console) - `go.mod` / `Cargo.toml` -> Go/Rust (high-performance power flow solvers, edge computing) - `docker-compose.yml` / `k8s/` -> Container orchestration - `.proto` files -> gRPC service definitions for inter-component communication GRID COMPONENTS: - Identify power flow solvers: Newton-Raphson, Gauss-Seidel, forward-backward sweep, DC approximation - Identify SCADA/EMS integration: ICCP/TASE.2, DNP3, Modbus, IEC 61850, IEC 61968/61970 CIM - Identify DER management: solar inverter control, battery dispatch, EV charger orchestration - Identify network topology: bus/branch models, GIS integration, connectivity models - Identify optimization engines: linear programming, MILP, genetic algorithms, reinforcement learning - Identify state estimation: weighted least squares, robust estimators, bad data detection - Identify outage management: OMS integration, crew dispatch, restoration sequencing Produce a system architecture map before proceeding. ============================================================ PHASE 1: POWER FLOW ANALYSIS ============================================================ Evaluate the power flow computation layer: SOLVER IMPLEMENTATION: - Identify the power flow algorithm: Newton-Raphson, fast-decoupled, Gauss-Seidel, DC power flow - Check convergence criteria: tolerance settings, maximum iterations, divergence handling - Verify solver handles both balanced and unbalanced three-phase networks - Check for sparse matrix libraries and efficient factorization (KLU, UMFPACK, SuperLU) - Verify solver performance scales to the full network model size - Check for parallel computation support for large-scale networks NETWORK MODELING: - Verify bus types: slack, PV, PQ buses correctly modeled - Check transformer modeling: tap ratios, phase shifts, impedance, saturation curves - Verify line models: pi-model, distributed parameter, temperature-dependent resistance - Check for capacitor bank and reactor modeling with switching states - Verify load models: constant power, constant current, constant impedance (ZIP models) - Check for voltage regulator modeling: LTC (load tap changer), SVR (step voltage regulator) - Verify generator models include reactive power limits (Q limits, capability curves) TOPOLOGY PROCESSING: - Check for network topology processor: bus/branch identification from switching device states - Verify island detection and handling for split networks - Check for energization tracing from source buses - Verify topology update performance for real-time switching operations - Check for mesh/radial detection and appropriate solver selection STATE ESTIMATION: - Check for state estimator implementation (weighted least squares, robust methods) - Verify measurement placement analysis (observability check) - Check for bad data detection and identification (chi-squared test, largest normalized residual) - Verify pseudo-measurement generation for unobservable areas - Check for real-time vs study-mode state estimation separation For each finding: file path, component, severity, description, recommendation. ============================================================ PHASE 2: FAULT DETECTION, ISOLATION, AND RESTORATION (FDIR) ============================================================ Evaluate the FDIR automation system: FAULT DETECTION: - Check for fault current calculation (symmetrical components, sequence networks) - Verify fault type classification: three-phase, line-to-line, line-to-ground, double line-to-ground - Check for fault location algorithms: impedance-based, traveling wave, pattern matching - Verify coordination with protective relay settings and schemas - Check for high-impedance fault detection (downed conductors, tree contacts) - Verify integration with SCADA alarm processing for fault indication FAULT ISOLATION: - Check for automated switching sequence generation for fault isolation - Verify switching feasibility validation before execution (load transfer limits, voltage constraints) - Check for sectionalizing scheme logic: FLISR (fault location, isolation, service restoration) - Verify switch operation sequencing respects interlocking requirements - Check for coordination between automated and manual switching operations - Verify isolation minimizes affected customers (optimal sectionalization) SERVICE RESTORATION: - Check for restoration switching plan optimization (minimize unserved load) - Verify load transfer analysis: capacity checks on alternate feeds - Check for voltage constraint verification on restoration paths - Verify cold load pickup modeling (inrush current after extended outage) - Check for priority customer handling (hospitals, emergency services, critical loads) - Verify restoration sequence respects equipment ratings and thermal limits - Check for multi-step restoration planning for complex outages OUTAGE MANAGEMENT: - Check for outage prediction models using weather and historical data - Verify estimated time of restoration (ETR) calculation methodology - Check for crew dispatch optimization integration - Verify customer notification system integration - Check for post-event analysis and reporting capability ============================================================ PHASE 3: DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ============================================================ Evaluate the DERMS (DER Management System) capabilities: DER REGISTRATION AND MONITORING: - Check for DER asset registry: type, capacity, location, interconnection point - Verify real-time monitoring of DER output (solar, wind, battery, EV, CHP) - Check for communication protocol support: IEEE 2030.5, OpenADR, SunSpec Modbus, DNP3 - Verify telemetry data quality validation and gap handling - Check for DER forecast integration (generation predictions for dispatch planning) VOLTAGE AND VAR OPTIMIZATION (VVO): - Check for Volt-VAR optimization algorithm implementation - Verify objective function: minimize losses, flatten voltage profile, reduce peak demand - Check for smart inverter reactive power control (IEEE 1547-2018 compliance) - Verify capacitor bank switching optimization - Check for voltage regulator tap optimization coordination - Verify conservation voltage reduction (CVR) capability and measurement - Check for VVO constraint handling: voltage limits (ANSI C84.1), equipment ratings DER DISPATCH AND CURTAILMENT: - Check for DER dispatch optimization: battery charge/discharge, curtailment orders - Verify hosting capacity analysis for new DER interconnection requests - Check for reverse power flow management and protection coordination - Verify anti-islanding detection and response logic - Check for microgrid islanding and resynchronization capability - Verify DER curtailment sequencing respects contractual and regulatory priorities GRID SERVICES FROM DER: - Check for DER aggregation for grid services (frequency regulation, voltage support) - Verify virtual power plant (VPP) dispatch logic - Check for behind-the-meter resource visibility and control - Verify DER participation in demand response programs - Check for transactive energy or market-based DER coordination ============================================================ PHASE 4: VOLTAGE REGULATION AND POWER QUALITY ============================================================ Evaluate voltage management and power quality monitoring: VOLTAGE REGULATION: - Check for voltage profile analysis across distribution feeders - Verify ANSI C84.1 compliance checking (Range A: 114-126V, Range B: 110-127V on 120V base) - Check for voltage violation detection and remediation planning - Verify voltage regulation equipment coordination: LTC, SVR, capacitors, smart inverters - Check for secondary voltage estimation from primary-side measurements POWER QUALITY MONITORING: - Check for harmonic analysis: THD calculation, individual harmonic tracking - Verify power factor monitoring and correction (IEEE 519 compliance) - Check for flicker detection and measurement (IEC 61000-4-15) - Verify sag/swell detection and classification - Check for transient capture and analysis capability - Verify power quality event correlation with switching operations and DER output LOSS OPTIMIZATION: - Check for technical loss calculation: I2R losses, transformer core losses, line losses - Verify non-technical loss detection: energy balance analysis, theft indicators - Check for loss reduction optimization through network reconfiguration - Verify loss allocation methodology for regulatory reporting - Check for real-time loss monitoring vs periodic study-mode analysis ============================================================ PHASE 5: SCADA AND COMMUNICATION INTEGRATION ============================================================ Evaluate SCADA system integration and cybersecurity: PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION: - Check for DNP3 protocol implementation: master station, outstation, secure authentication - Verify IEC 61850 implementation: GOOSE, MMS, sampled values - Check for ICCP/TASE.2 implementation for inter-control center communication - Verify Modbus implementation: TCP/RTU, function codes, register mapping - Check for IEC 61968/61970 CIM model exchange - Verify protocol conversion and gateway handling DATA ACQUISITION: - Check for scan rate configuration appropriate to measurement type - Verify data quality codes and flagging (suspect, overridden, calculated) - Check for data historian integration and storage architecture - Verify deadband filtering to reduce communication bandwidth - Check for time synchronization across RTUs and IEDs (NTP, PTP/IEEE 1588, IRIG-B) - Verify data archival and retrieval performance for historical analysis CYBERSECURITY (NERC CIP AWARENESS): - Check for network segmentation between IT and OT networks - Verify access control on SCADA communication channels - Check for encrypted communication where supported (DNP3 Secure Authentication) - Verify logging of all control commands with operator identification - Check for intrusion detection on SCADA network traffic - Verify firmware and software patch management for field devices COMMUNICATION RESILIENCE: - Check for communication path redundancy (primary/backup) - Verify store-and-forward capability for communication outages - Check for communication failure detection and alarming - Verify graceful degradation when communication is lost to field devices - Check for last-known-good state management during communication gaps ============================================================ PHASE 6: OPTIMIZATION ENGINE AND OPERATIONS ============================================================ Evaluate optimization algorithms and operational readiness: NETWORK RECONFIGURATION: - Check for optimal feeder reconfiguration algorithms (loss minimization, load balancing) - Verify switching constraints: maximum operations per device, crew availability - Check for multi-objective optimization (losses, reliability, voltage, DER utilization) - Verify solution validation through power flow before execution - Check for seasonal and time-of-day reconfiguration schedules OPERATIONAL PLANNING: - Check for contingency analysis (N-1, N-1-1) implementation - Verify thermal limit monitoring and overload prediction - Check for switching plan generation and safety validation - Verify planned outage scheduling and coordination - Check for load transfer capability analysis between feeders PERFORMANCE MONITORING: - Check for key performance indicators: SAIDI, SAIFI, CAIDI, MAIFI tracking - Verify real-time system health dashboards for operators - Check for performance trending and threshold alerting - Verify audit trail for all automated switching operations - Check for regulatory reporting generation (reliability indices, DER interconnection) ============================================================ OUTPUT ============================================================ ## Smart Grid Optimization Analysis Report **System:** [name/description] **Stack:** [detected technologies] **Network Scale:** [buses, branches, DER count if detectable] ### Summary | Category | Status | Findings | Critical | |----------|--------|----------|----------| | Power Flow Analysis | [PASS/WARN/FAIL] | N | N | | FDIR Automation | [PASS/WARN/FAIL] | N | N | | DER Management | [PASS/WARN/FAIL] | N | N | | Voltage/Power Quality | [PASS/WARN/FAIL] | N | N | | SCADA Integration | [PASS/WARN/FAIL] | N | N | | Optimization/Operations | [PASS/WARN/FAIL] | N | N | ### Capability Coverage Matrix | Capability | Implemented | Maturity | Gap | |-----------|-------------|----------|-----| | Power flow solver | | | | | State estimation | | | | | FDIR automation | | | | | Volt-VAR optimization | | | | | DER dispatch | | | | | Hosting capacity | | | | | Network reconfiguration | | | | | Contingency analysis | | | | ### Detailed Findings For each category with WARN or FAIL: #### [Category Name] | # | Severity | File | Description | Impact | Recommendation | |---|----------|------|-------------|--------|----------------| ### Grid Performance Assessment - **Power flow solver convergence:** [findings] - **FDIR response time:** [findings] - **VVO effectiveness:** [findings] - **SCADA data quality:** [findings] ### Remediation Priority [Ordered list by grid reliability impact and safety risk] ============================================================ NEXT STEPS ============================================================ After reviewing the analysis: - "Run `/load-forecast` to analyze load prediction models feeding the grid optimizer." - "Run `/energy-compliance` to review NERC CIP cybersecurity and regulatory compliance." - "Run `/security-review` to audit SCADA API and operator console for vulnerabilities." - "Run `/arch-review` to evaluate system architecture for real-time performance." - "Run `/load-test` to stress test the optimization engine under peak scenario conditions." ============================================================ DO NOT ============================================================ - Do NOT modify any grid control logic, switching sequences, or optimization parameters — this is an analysis skill. - Do NOT execute any switching commands or control operations against live or simulated grid systems. - Do NOT expose substation locations, network topology details, or critical infrastructure identifiers in output. - Do NOT access or display actual customer meter data, load profiles, or billing information. - Do NOT skip SCADA cybersecurity evaluation even for development or test environments. - Do NOT assume power flow convergence without checking solver configuration and edge cases. - Do NOT conflate study-mode analysis results with real-time operational performance.