git:20260817.c579bb4 to git:20260831.9fc50b0

13 added, 15 removed. Audit A to A.

---

name: azure-expressroute

- description: Expert knowledge for Azure ExpressRoute development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when configuring ExpressRoute circuits/gateways, BGP routing, Global Reach, FastPath, or IPsec/MACsec encryption, and other Azure ExpressRoute related development tasks. Not for Azure Virtual Network (use azure-virtual-network), Azure VPN Gateway (use azure-vpn-gateway), Azure Virtual WAN (use azure-virtual-wan), Azure Internet Peering (use azure-internet-peering).

+ description: Expert knowledge for Azure ExpressRoute development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when designing ExpressRoute circuits/gateways, BGP routing, Global Reach, FastPath, or VPN coexistence, and other Azure ExpressRoute related development tasks. Not for Azure Internet Peering (use azure-internet-peering), Azure Virtual WAN (use azure-virtual-wan), Azure VPN Gateway (use azure-vpn-gateway), Azure Virtual Network (use azure-virtual-network).

compatibility: Requires network access. Uses mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch or fetch_webpage to retrieve documentation.

metadata:

- generated_at: "2026-08-16"

+ generated_at: "2026-08-31"

generator: "docs2skills/1.0.0"

---

# Azure ExpressRoute Skill

This skill provides expert guidance for Azure ExpressRoute. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities.

## How to Use This Skill

> **IMPORTANT for Agent**: Use the **Category Index** below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g., `L35-L120`), use `read_file` with the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g., `[security.md](security.md)`), use `read_file` on the linked reference file

> **IMPORTANT for Agent**: If `metadata.generated_at` is more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. If `mcp_microsoftdocs` tools are not available, suggest the user install it: [Installation Guide](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/mcp/blob/main/README.md)

This skill requires **network access** to fetch documentation content:

- **Preferred**: Use `mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch` with query string `from=learn-agent-skill`. Returns Markdown.

- **Fallback**: Use `fetch_webpage` with query string `from=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown`. Returns Markdown.

## Category Index

| Category | Lines | Description |

|----------|-------|-------------|

| Troubleshooting | L37-L42 | Troubleshooting ExpressRoute resiliency and asymmetric routing issues, plus FAQs on connectivity models, supported services, bandwidth, and pricing to resolve design or outage-related questions. |

- | Best Practices | L43-L50 | Guidance on ExpressRoute operations: scaling circuit bandwidth, using BGP communities for complex topologies, applying QoS for Skype voice, and migrating legacy gateways to new hardware. |

- | Decision Making | L51-L58 | Guidance on choosing ExpressRoute connectivity models, gateways, and VNet options, plus planning and optimizing ExpressRoute bandwidth, circuit, and gateway costs. |

+ | Best Practices | L43-L50 | Best practices for ExpressRoute upgrades, complex BGP routing, QoS for Skype voice, and migrating legacy gateways to newer hardware configurations. |

+ | Decision Making | L51-L58 | Guidance on choosing ExpressRoute gateways, resiliency and VNet connectivity options, and planning/managing ExpressRoute bandwidth and circuit costs. |

| Architecture & Design Patterns | L59-L70 | Designing resilient, highly available ExpressRoute architectures, including DR patterns, multi-circuit routing/Global Reach, VPN coexistence and failover, and using Microsoft peering for PSTN. |

| Limits & Quotas | L71-L79 | ExpressRoute limits on bandwidth, routes, gateways, FastPath, provider rate limiting, plus monitoring and FAQs to avoid hitting connectivity and quota constraints. |

- | Security | L80-L89 | Encryption and security for ExpressRoute: IPsec/MACsec setup, NAT requirements, RBAC roles/permissions, and applying network security controls to private circuits. |

- | Configuration | L90-L124 | Configuring ExpressRoute circuits, gateways, routing/peering (incl. IPv6, BFD, NAT, Global Reach), monitoring, resiliency, and coexisting with VPN, using Portal, PowerShell, and CLI. |

- | Integrations & Coding Patterns | L125-L131 | Automating ExpressRoute circuit creation/management with PowerShell or Azure CLI, and configuring a site-to-site VPN that runs over ExpressRoute Microsoft peering. |

- | Deployment | L132-L140 | Guides for deploying and migrating ExpressRoute circuits and gateways, including Direct SKUs, zone/AZ-enabled gateways, and automation via ARM templates and Terraform. |

+ | Security | L80-L88 | Encryption and security for ExpressRoute: IPsec/MACsec setup, NAT requirements, RBAC roles/permissions, and applying network security controls to private circuits. |

+ | Configuration | L89-L121 | Configuring and managing ExpressRoute circuits, gateways, routing/peering, BGP, NAT, monitoring, resiliency, and coexistence with VPN using portal, PowerShell, and CLI. |

+ | Integrations & Coding Patterns | L122-L129 | Configuring and automating ExpressRoute circuits and connectivity, including Azure CLI management, NAT setups for Cisco/Juniper, and S2S VPN over Microsoft peering. |

+ | Deployment | L130-L138 | Guides for deploying and migrating ExpressRoute circuits/gateways, including Direct SKUs, zone/AZ-enabled gateways, and ARM/Terraform-based provisioning and traffic migration. |

### Troubleshooting

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

| Test and validate resiliency of redundant ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/evaluate-circuit-resiliency |

| Diagnose and resolve asymmetric routing with ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-asymmetric-routing |

### Best Practices

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

- | Best practices for upgrading ExpressRoute circuit bandwidth | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-upgrade-circuit-bandwidth |

+ | Apply best practices for ExpressRoute bandwidth upgrades | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-upgrade-circuit-bandwidth |

| Manage complex ExpressRoute networks using BGP communities | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/bgp-communities |

| Apply QoS requirements for Skype voice over ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-qos |

| Migrate legacy ExpressRoute gateway connections to new hardware | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-recreate-connections |

### Decision Making

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

| Choose and configure ExpressRoute gateway SKUs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-virtual-network-gateways |

- | Choose the right Azure ExpressRoute connectivity model | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-connectivity-models |

| Plan and manage Azure ExpressRoute costs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/plan-manage-cost |

+ | Select ExpressRoute gateway resiliency configuration | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-model |

| Choose VNet connectivity options over ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/virtual-network-connectivity-guidance |

### Architecture & Design Patterns

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

| Design resilient Azure ExpressRoute network architectures | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/design-architecture-for-resiliency |

| Design disaster recovery with Azure ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/designing-for-disaster-recovery-with-expressroute-privatepeering |

| Architect high availability for Azure ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/designing-for-high-availability-with-expressroute |

| Connect multiple ExpressRoute circuits with Global Reach | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-global-reach |

| Optimize routing across multiple ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-optimize-routing |

| Architect coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN connections | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-coexisting-gateway-portal |

| Design S2S VPN backup for ExpressRoute private peering | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/use-s2s-vpn-as-backup-for-expressroute-privatepeering |

| Use ExpressRoute Microsoft peering for PSTN services | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/using-expressroute-for-microsoft-pstn |

### Limits & Quotas

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

| Evaluate Azure ExpressRoute FastPath limits and usage | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/about-fastpath |

| Azure ExpressRoute FAQs on limits and connectivity details | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-faqs |

| Monitor ExpressRoute advertised routes to avoid limits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-custom-route-alert |

| Understand rate limiting on provider-based ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/provider-rate-limit |

| ExpressRoute scalable gateway features and limits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/scalable-gateway |

### Security

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

| Use encryption options with Azure ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-encryption |

| Configure IPsec transport mode over ExpressRoute for Windows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-ipsec-transport-private-windows |

| Configure MACsec security for Azure ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-macsec |

- | Apply NAT requirements for Azure ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-nat |

| Roles and permissions for ExpressRoute resources | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/roles-permissions |

| Apply security controls to Azure ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/secure-expressroute |

### Configuration

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

- | Establish private ExpressRoute peering to an Azure VNet | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/configure-expressroute-private-peering |

| Configure customer-controlled maintenance windows for ExpressRoute gateways | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/customer-controlled-gateway-maintenance |

| Configure BFD settings for Azure ExpressRoute private peering | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-bfd |

- | Configure NAT on Cisco and Juniper for ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-nat |

| Configure on-premises routers for Azure ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-routing |

| Configure Azure ExpressRoute virtual network gateways in portal | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-add-gateway-portal-resource-manager |

| Manage ExpressRoute virtual network gateways with PowerShell | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-add-gateway-resource-manager |

| Add IPv6 support to ExpressRoute private peering | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-add-ipv6 |

| Configure coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN connections (classic) | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-classic |

| Configure coexisting ExpressRoute and S2S VPN gateways | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-resource-manager |

| Connect VNets to ExpressRoute circuits with PowerShell | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-linkvnet-arm |

| Link Azure VNets to ExpressRoute circuits via CLI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-linkvnet-cli |

| Reset ExpressRoute circuit peerings with PowerShell | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-reset-peering |

| Reset ExpressRoute circuit peerings in Azure portal | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-reset-peering-portal |

| Configure ExpressRoute routing and peering with PowerShell | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-routing-arm |

| Configure ExpressRoute peering in Azure portal | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-routing-portal-resource-manager |

| Configure a scalable ExpressRoute gateway in portal | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-scalable-portal |

| Configure ExpressRoute Global Reach with PowerShell | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-set-global-reach |

| Configure ExpressRoute Global Reach in Azure portal | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-set-global-reach-portal |

- | Configure routing requirements for Azure ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-routing |

+ | Configure NAT requirements for Azure ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-nat |

| Configure Connection Monitor for ExpressRoute connectivity | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-connection-monitor |

| Configure custom BGP communities for ExpressRoute private peering | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-custom-bgp-communities |

| Configure custom BGP community values for ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-custom-bgp-communities-portal |

| Configure ExpressRoute Traffic Collector and Log Analytics | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-configure-traffic-collector |

| Configure Azure ExpressRoute Direct resources | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-expressroute-direct-portal |

| Configure route filters for ExpressRoute Microsoft peering | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/how-to-routefilter-portal |

| Configure ExpressRoute peering using Azure CLI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-routing-cli |

| Use Azure Monitor metrics and logs for ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/monitor-expressroute-reference |

| Configure rate limiting on ExpressRoute Direct circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/rate-limit |

| Use Resiliency Insights for ExpressRoute gateways | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-insights |

| Validate ExpressRoute gateway resiliency and failover | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/resiliency-validation |

### Integrations & Coding Patterns

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

+ | Apply Cisco and Juniper NAT configurations for ExpressRoute | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-config-samples-nat |

| Programmatically manage ExpressRoute circuits using Azure CLI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-circuit-cli |

| Create and manage ExpressRoute circuits using Azure CLI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/howto-circuit-cli |

| Configure S2S VPN over ExpressRoute Microsoft peering | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/site-to-site-vpn-over-microsoft-peering |

### Deployment

| Topic | URL |

|-------|-----|

- | Migrate production workloads to a new ExpressRoute circuit | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/circuit-migration |

+ | Migrate production traffic between ExpressRoute circuits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/circuit-migration |

| Understand ExpressRoute Direct SKUs and technical requirements | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-erdirect-about |

| Deploy an Azure ExpressRoute circuit via ARM template | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-circuit-resource-manager-template |

| Migrate to zone-redundant ExpressRoute gateway SKUs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-howto-gateway-migration-portal |

| Migrate ExpressRoute gateways to AZ-enabled SKUs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/gateway-migration |

| Provision ExpressRoute circuit and gateway using Terraform | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/quickstart-create-expressroute-vnet-terraform |