why ยท diff

git:20260923.11fd787 to git:20261014.8882c71

28 added, 86 removed. Audit A to A.

---
name: why
description: "Use for 'why does X work this way', 'why we picked Y', design rationale, regressions, postmortems, or data-backed thresholds. Discovers available MCPs and queries each evidence category (source control, issue tracker, long-form docs, real-time chat, infrastructure observability, error tracking, product analytics warehouse) in parallel, then returns a cited read on decisions and tradeoffs. Use how for runtime behavior."
disable-model-invocation: true
---
# Why
- Investigate the motivation and intent behind code.
+ Investigate the motivation and intent behind code. The companion **how** skill (`${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/../how/SKILL.md`) answers what the code does and how it works. `why` answers what forces led to its shape.
- Companion to the **how** skill (`${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/../how/SKILL.md`). `how` answers what the code does and how it works. `why` answers what forces led to its shape.
+ Every spawn uses the Agent tool with `subagent_type: "pstack:read-only"`, which keeps MCP access for the investigators and the synthesizer's citation spot-checks and blocks file edits. Models come from `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/../poteto-mode/references/models.md`.
## Operating Posture
Operate as a **careful, cautious, and precise investigator**. Be honest about what you know vs what you're inferring. Read `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/epistemics.md` for the full confidence framework and phrasing guide. The synthesizer must follow it.
## Step 1. Understand the Target and the Question
- Parse what the user is asking. The **target** is usually a chunk of code, a pattern, a feature, or a named design decision. The **question** is usually a design rationale, a tradeoff, a motivating edge case, an external constraint, dead code, or a broad history sweep.
+ The **target** is usually a chunk of code, a pattern, a feature, or a named design decision. The **question** is usually a design rationale, a tradeoff, a motivating edge case, an external constraint, dead code, or a broad history sweep.
If the target is vague ("why do we do it this way?" with no clear referent), make your best guess from conversation context (open files, the IDE selection, recent edits, what was just discussed). State your interpretation briefly so the user can redirect if you're off, then proceed.
## Step 2. Establish the Code Anchor
- Before spawning investigators, anchor the investigation in concrete code. You need:
-
- - The relevant file path(s) and line range(s)
- - The key symbols (function names, class names, constants)
- - An initial commit list. The last few commits touching the target.
- - PR numbers from merge commits (pattern `(#1234)` in the subject line)
-
- Build this inline.
-
- ```bash
- # Blame target lines for last-touch commits
- git blame -L <start>,<end> <file>
-
- # Full file history, with patches, through renames
- git log --follow -p -- <file>
-
- # Last N commits touching the file, PR numbers visible
- git log --oneline -20 -- <file>
-
- # Extract PR numbers from a commit message
- git log -1 --format=%B <commit>
- ```
-
- Pull PR bodies and discussion via `gh` for any substantive commits:
-
- ```bash
- gh pr view <number> --json title,body,author,createdAt,mergedAt,labels,closingIssuesReferences,comments,reviews
- ```
-
- Capture this as seed context (file paths, symbols, commits, PR numbers, linked ticket IDs). Pass it to the investigators.
+ Before spawning investigators, build the seed context inline: file paths and line ranges, key symbols (functions, classes, constants), the last few commits touching the target, PR numbers from merge commits (pattern `(#1234)` in the subject line), and any linked ticket IDs. Run `git blame -L <start>,<end> <file>` for last-touch commits, `git log --follow -p -- <file>` for full history with patches through renames, `git log --oneline -20 -- <file>` for recent commits with PR numbers visible, and `git log -1 --format=%B <commit>` to extract PR numbers. Then pull the PR bodies and discussion for any substantive commit: `gh pr view <number> --json title,body,author,createdAt,mergedAt,labels,closingIssuesReferences,comments,reviews`. This anchor goes to every investigator and to the synthesizer.
- ## Step 3. Spawn Parallel Investigators (default posture)
+ ## Step 3. Spawn Parallel Investigators
- **Default to the full parallel investigation.**
+ **Default to the full parallel investigation.** The goal is a complete coverage map, not a minimal one. Document the null, don't skip the search.
### Discovery
Before spawning investigators, list the MCP servers this session can call. Each connected server shows up as `mcp__<server>__<tool>` tools, some of them deferred (named in a system reminder, schema loaded with ToolSearch), and usually in the system prompt's MCP server instructions. `claude mcp list` shows every configured server and its state. A server marked `Needs authentication` is unavailable until the user authorizes it with `/mcp`, so record it as a gap.
Map each available MCP to one evidence category:
1. Source control history
2. Issue / ticket tracker
3. Long-form documents
4. Real-time team chat
5. Infrastructure observability
6. Error / exception tracking
7. Product analytics warehouse
Source control is always available through git and `gh`. For the other six, classify using the MCP name, server instructions, tool names, and resource descriptors. If an MCP could fit more than one category, choose the one matching its primary evidence. Record ambiguous cases in the coverage map.
- Aim for a complete **coverage map**, not a minimal one. Document the null, don't skip the search.
-
- Launch all matching investigators with the Agent tool in a single message so they run concurrently. Don't ask one agent to cover multiple MCPs.
-
- Subagent config (each):
- - `subagent_type`: `pstack:read-only`. It keeps MCP access and blocks file edits.
- - `model`: the `why investigators` model from `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/../poteto-mode/references/models.md`
-
- Each investigator gets:
- 1. The base prompt from `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/investigator-prompt.md`
- 2. The category playbook `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/sources/<source>.md` for the selected MCP, adapted from the examples in `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/source-playbook.md`
- 3. The cross-cutting `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/sources/incident-postmortem.md` **if the target code looks defensive** (null checks, retry logic, timeout handling, rate limiting, feature flags, egress guards, OOM handlers)
- 4. The code anchor from Step 2 (file paths, symbols, commit hashes, PR numbers, ticket IDs)
- 5. The user's original question
-
- ### Investigator roster. One per available evidence category
-
- Spawn one investigator per category that has a matching MCP. Each owns exactly one tool or MCP.
-
- Each entry names the category and the kind of "why" it uniquely surfaces. Use it to know what to expect back, how to name a gap when a category returns empty, and (only in the rare provably-irrelevant case) to justify a skip.
-
- 1. **Source control investigator**. Git history, `gh` for PRs, code comments, tests. Always spawn. The only guaranteed source. Best at surfacing *implementation-time rationale captured during review*.
-
- 2. **Issue / ticket tracker investigator** (e.g. Linear, Jira, GitHub Issues, Plane, Shortcut MCP). Best at surfacing *the product or business forcing function*. Strongest when the why is external to engineering.
-
- 3. **Long-form documents investigator** (e.g. Notion, Confluence, Google Docs, Coda MCP). Best at surfacing *long-form design rationale*. Where the why is written out before it becomes code.
+ Spawn one investigator per category that has a matching MCP, all in a single message so they run concurrently, each owning exactly one tool or MCP. Don't ask one agent to cover multiple MCPs. `model`: the `why investigators` model.
- 4. **Real-time team chat investigator** (e.g. Slack, Discord, Microsoft Teams, Mattermost MCP). Best at surfacing *real-time deliberation that never reached a doc*. Especially important when the source control, ticket, and doc paper trail is thin.
+ Each investigator's prompt is `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/investigator-prompt.md` filled in, plus:
+ - the category playbook `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/sources/<source>.md` for the selected MCP, adapted from the examples in `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/source-playbook.md`
+ - `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/sources/incident-postmortem.md` **if the target code looks defensive** (null checks, retry logic, timeout handling, rate limiting, feature flags, egress guards, OOM handlers)
+ - the code anchor and the user's original question
- 5. **Infrastructure observability investigator** (e.g. Datadog, New Relic, Honeycomb, Grafana, Splunk MCP). Infra/runtime view. Best at surfacing *infrastructure and runtime reality that motivated the code*. Strongest when the target reacts to an infra signal (timeouts, retries, rate limits, circuit breakers).
+ ### Investigator roster, one per available evidence category
- 6. **Error / exception tracking investigator** (e.g. Sentry, Rollbar, Bugsnag, Airbrake MCP). Best at surfacing *the specific exceptions and error trajectories that motivated defensive or corrective code*. Strongest for catch blocks, null guards, type checks, retries, and other defenses.
+ Each category below is uniquely positioned to surface one shape of "why", shown after "Best at". Use it to know what to expect back, to name a gap when a category returns empty, and, only in the rare provably-irrelevant case, to justify a skip.
- 7. **Product analytics warehouse investigator** (e.g. Databricks, Snowflake, BigQuery, ClickHouse, dbt, Redshift MCP). Product/data view. Best at surfacing *product and data reality that shaped the code*. Strongest for flag-gated code, experiment-driven ships, data migrations, and "where did this number come from" questions.
+ 1. **Source control** (git history, `gh` for PRs, code comments, tests). Always spawn, the only guaranteed source. Best at *implementation-time rationale captured during review*.
+ 2. **Issue / ticket tracker** (e.g. Linear, Jira, GitHub Issues, Plane, Shortcut MCP). Best at *the product or business forcing function*. Strongest when the why is external to engineering.
+ 3. **Long-form documents** (e.g. Notion, Confluence, Google Docs, Coda MCP). Best at *long-form design rationale*, written out before it becomes code.
+ 4. **Real-time team chat** (e.g. Slack, Discord, Microsoft Teams, Mattermost MCP). Best at *real-time deliberation that never reached a doc*. Especially important when the source control, ticket, and doc paper trail is thin.
+ 5. **Infrastructure observability** (e.g. Datadog, New Relic, Honeycomb, Grafana, Splunk MCP). Best at *infrastructure and runtime reality that motivated the code*. Strongest when the target reacts to an infra signal (timeouts, retries, rate limits, circuit breakers).
+ 6. **Error / exception tracking** (e.g. Sentry, Rollbar, Bugsnag, Airbrake MCP). Best at *the specific exceptions and error trajectories that motivated defensive or corrective code*. Strongest for catch blocks, null guards, type checks, retries, and other defenses.
+ 7. **Product analytics warehouse** (e.g. Databricks, Snowflake, BigQuery, ClickHouse, dbt, Redshift MCP). Best at *product and data reality that shaped the code*. Strongest for flag-gated code, experiment-driven ships, data migrations, and "where did this number come from" questions.
### When to skip an investigator
- Only skip with an **explicit, written justification** that goes in the final "Sources Consulted" section. Two valid reasons:
+ Only with an **explicit, written justification** that goes in the final Sources Consulted. Two valid reasons:
- - **No MCP is available for that category** in this environment. Flag this as a gap, not a choice. Example: "Real-time team chat skipped. No matching MCP available, so the conversational record was not searchable."
- - **The source is provably irrelevant**, not just "probably irrelevant." A high bar. Example: "Error / exception tracking skipped. Target is a build-time script with no runtime code path."
+ - **No MCP is available for that category** in this environment. Flag it as a gap, not a choice: "Real-time team chat skipped. No matching MCP available, so the conversational record was not searchable."
+ - **The source is provably irrelevant**, not just "probably irrelevant." A high bar: "Error / exception tracking skipped. Target is a build-time script with no runtime code path."
If your scope assessment suggests a single-commit trivial target where the PR description already contains the complete answer, you may answer inline **only after** confirming all seven available category searches would be redundant. Say so explicitly. This should be rare.
## Step 4. Synthesize
- Spawn one synthesizer subagent:
-
- - `subagent_type`: `pstack:read-only`. Its quality check spot-verifies citations, which can require MCP access.
- - `model`: the `why synthesizer` model from `models.md`
-
- The synthesizer gets:
+ Spawn one synthesizer. `model`: the `why synthesizer` model. It gets:
1. The investigator findings, including any null results and any categories skipped with justification
- 2. The code anchor from Step 2 (file paths, symbols, commit hashes, PR numbers, ticket IDs)
+ 2. The code anchor
3. The user's original question
4. The epistemics framework from `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/epistemics.md`
5. The synthesizer prompt template from `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/synthesizer-prompt.md`
## Step 5. Present
- Take the synthesizer's output and present it to the user. You may lightly edit for clarity or add context from the conversation, but **do not rewrite the confidence language**.
+ Present the synthesizer's output to the user. You may lightly edit for clarity or add context from the conversation, but **do not rewrite the confidence language**.
## Output Format
- The output structure is the one in `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/synthesizer-prompt.md`: The Question, The Code in Question, What We Found, What We Can Reasonably Infer, Competing Hypotheses, What We Don't Know, Sources Consulted, Confidence Summary. Adapt as needed, but keep the confidence separation intact, and keep Sources Consulted as one line per investigator, including the ones that returned nothing or were skipped, with the reason.
+ The structure is the one in `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/synthesizer-prompt.md`: The Question, The Code in Question, What We Found, What We Can Reasonably Infer, Competing Hypotheses, What We Don't Know, Sources Consulted, Confidence Summary. Adapt as needed, but keep the confidence separation intact, and keep Sources Consulted as one line per investigator, including the ones that returned nothing or were skipped, with the reason.
- After the Sources Consulted block, if the user's `why` question is a precursor to actually changing this code, convert the lineage findings into a Preserve / Change / Avoid / Risk constraint set suitable for planning the change.
+ After Sources Consulted, if the user's `why` question is a precursor to changing this code, convert the lineage findings into a Preserve / Change / Avoid / Risk constraint set for planning the change.
## Common Failure Modes to Avoid
- **Recency bias**. Assuming the most recent commit is authoritative. The current shape is often the accretion of many earlier decisions. Trace back.
-
- ## Reference Files
-
- - `references/epistemics.md`. Confidence tiers and phrasing guide. The synthesizer must follow it.
- - `references/investigator-prompt.md`. Base prompt template for investigator subagents.
- - `references/source-playbook.md`. Index pointing at the category playbooks below.
- - `references/sources/*.md`. One self-contained example playbook per category, plus cross-cutting `incident-postmortem.md`. Give an investigator the single file that matches its category and adapt it to the available MCP.
- - `references/synthesizer-prompt.md`. Prompt template for the synthesizer subagent, including the output format.