recover-nixos-config · diff
git:20260601.3be4889 to git:20260606.7dad578
25 added, 30 removed. Audit A to A.
---
name: recover-nixos-config
- description: Use when the user has accidentally deleted files under /etc/nixos (flake.nix, flake.lock, etc.) and needs to recover them from the Nix store.
+ description: 当用户误删 /etc/nixos 目录下的文件（flake.nix、flake.lock 等）时，从 Nix store 中恢复。
---
- # Recover deleted /etc/nixos files
+ # 恢复误删的 /etc/nixos 文件
- When a file under `/etc/nixos` is accidentally deleted but the NixOS system was
- previously built successfully from that configuration, the flake source
- (including flake.nix, flake.lock, and all local modules) is preserved in the
- Nix store. Any build file — flake.nix, flake.lock, boot.nix, system.nix,
- home.nix, etc. — can be recovered.
+ 当 `/etc/nixos` 下的文件被误删，但 NixOS 系统此前已从该配置成功构建过，
+ 则 flake 源码（包括 flake.nix、flake.lock 及所有本地模块）仍保留在 Nix store 中。
+ 任何构建文件 — flake.nix、flake.lock、boot.nix、system.nix、home.nix 等 — 均可恢复。
- ## Step 1: Locate the flake source in the Nix store
+ ## 第 1 步：在 Nix store 中定位 flake 源码
- The Nix store preserves a snapshot of the flake source used in every
- successful `nixos-rebuild`. Search by hostname:
+ Nix store 中保留了每次成功执行 `nixos-rebuild` 的 flake 源码快照。
+ 按主机名搜索：
```bash
grep -rl '<HOSTNAME>' /nix/store/*-source/flake.nix 2>/dev/null
```
- The source directory is named `*-source` and contains all files that were
- present in `/etc/nixos` at build time:
+ 源码目录命名为 `*-source`，包含构建时 `/etc/nixos` 中的全部文件：
- `flake.nix`
- `flake.lock`
- - all local `.nix` modules (boot.nix, home.nix, system.nix, etc.)
+ - 所有本地 `.nix` 模块（boot.nix、home.nix、system.nix 等）
- ## Step 2: Confirm the latest generation
+ ## 第 2 步：确认最新的 generation
- Among the candidates from Step 1, identify the source from the latest
- generation. The most recent source typically has the largest store path hash.
- When in doubt, compare each candidate's flake.nix against the remaining files
- in `/etc/nixos` — the correct source references the same local modules that
- still exist (e.g. `./boot.nix`, `./system.nix`).
+ 在第 1 步的候选中找出最新 generation 的源码。最新的源码通常具有最大的
+ store path hash。如不确定，可将各候选的 `flake.nix` 与 `/etc/nixos` 中
+ 尚存的文件对比 — 正确的源码会引用相同的本地模块
+ （如 `./boot.nix`、`./system.nix`）。
- To list all past generations:
+ 列出所有历史 generation：
```bash
nixos-rebuild list-generations
```
- The source directory matched to the current generation contains the same
- configuration that built the running system.
+ 与当前 generation 匹配的源码目录包含构建当前运行系统的配置。
- ## Step 3: Verify contents
+ ## 第 3 步：验证内容
- Check the first line of flake.nix to confirm the right configuration:
+ 检查 `flake.nix` 的第一行以确认是正确的配置：
```bash
head -1 /nix/store/<hash>-source/flake.nix
```
- List all available files in the source:
+ 列出源码中的所有文件：
```bash
ls /nix/store/<hash>-source/
```
- ## Step 4: Restore the deleted file(s)
+ ## 第 4 步：恢复已删除的文件
- Copy the needed file(s) back to `/etc/nixos/`. Only restore what was lost:
+ 将需要的文件复制回 `/etc/nixos/`。仅恢复丢失的文件：
```bash
cp /nix/store/<hash>-source/<filename> /etc/nixos/<filename>
```
- Example — restoring flake.nix only:
+ 示例 — 仅恢复 flake.nix：
```bash
cp /nix/store/<hash>-source/flake.nix /etc/nixos/flake.nix
```
- Restoring multiple files:
+ 恢复多个文件：
```bash
cp /nix/store/<hash>-source/flake.nix /etc/nixos/flake.nix
cp /nix/store/<hash>-source/flake.lock /etc/nixos/flake.lock
cp /nix/store/<hash>-source/home.nix /etc/nixos/home.nix
```
- ## Step 5: Validate
+ ## 第 5 步：验证
```bash
nix flake check /etc/nixos
```