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cpp skillA

cpp is agent-read markdown (skill) from yuecao365/offercome: C++ 后端怎么面：内存模型、RAII、STL 性能、多线程与原子、IO 模型、现代 C++。JD 点名 C++ 时读。.

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What the file says

## 面试官在意什么

C++ 后端主要出现在基础架构（存储、数据库内核、RPC 框架、消息队列）、网络与网关、游戏服务器、量化交易、音视频与推荐引擎在线服务。日常是在多线程、高性能、资源受限的场景里写服务，直接面对内存、锁、系统调用与 CPU 缓存。C++ 面试的主线非常稳定：对象生命周期与内存模型、智能指针与 RAII、STL 容器与算法的底层、多线程与原子操作、网络 IO 模型（epoll、Reactor）、性能剖析与优化、现代 C++（11 到 23）的实际使用。语言复杂度高，所以面试官最在意三件事：一是候选人能否写出不崩、不泄漏、无未定义行为的代码，并指出一段代码里的悬垂引用、数据竞争或异常不安全；二是对性能的直觉是否建立在测量之上——知道 cache line、分支预测、内存分配的代价，用过 perf 和 sanitizer；三是对系统层的理解——进程与线程模型、IO 多路复用、内存分配器、锁的代价。

校招侧重语言基础与手写能力：虚函数与多态的实现、拷贝与移动语义、智能指针的实现原理、STL 容器的复杂度与失效规则、手写线程安全队列或简单 Reactor。社招侧重工程与排查：core dump 分析、内存泄漏与碎片、锁竞争与伪共享、epoll 的边缘触发与惊群、零拷贝与批处理、编译期优化与构建系统。基础架构团队会深入到内存序、无锁结构、协程与异步框架（brpc、seastar、asio）的设计，游戏公司会多问帧同步、对象池与热更新。

怎么问才像这个方向的面试官：
- 架构与方法论（缓存一致性、消息队列、限流降级）交给 backend 包，本包专注 C++ 语言机制、系统层与性能工程。
- 代码优先：内存、并发、STL 相关主题尽量给一段十行以内的代码让候选人找 bug 或补全，追每个对象的生命周期与每个线程的可见性。
- 性能题必须有测量：候选人说的任何优化都要追怎么测、用什么工具、前后数字，"理论上更快"不算数。
- 按方向调整深度：基础架构与存储岗位追内存序、分配器、IO 模型细节；业务服务岗位重点在正确性（RAII、异常安全、线程安全）与排查工具。

## 项目 / 实习怎么深挖

简历上出现下面这类经历时从哪里切、追什么。追到候选人能说出机制、数字的来源与一次真实的故障或取舍才算实；只有框架名与结论、说不出自己那一段的，记为危险信号。通用的追问方法见 project-deep-dive。

- 简历出现自研网络框架 / RPC → 追线程模型（几个 Reactor、怎么分发）、缓冲区与帧协议、连接管理与超时、压测数据与对比对象
- 简历出现"高性能" / "低延迟" → 追怎么测的（perf、benchmark）、优化了什么（分配、锁、拷贝、缓存）、P99 从多少到多少
…

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Source

GitHub

yuecao365/offercome · 23 stars · license MIT · pushed 2026-09-23 · branch main

API

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