marketing · diff

git:20251217.3f83b43 to git:20260113.90b2d6e

62 added, 62 removed. Audit A to A.

---
name: marketing
description: Marketing strategy expertise for brand strategy, market research, customer segmentation, digital marketing, content strategy, marketing analytics, campaign management, and PR/communications. Use when planning campaigns, analyzing brand health, building personas, or optimizing marketing performance.
---
# Marketing Strategy Expert
Comprehensive marketing frameworks for brand building, customer acquisition, and campaign optimization.
## Brand Strategy
### Brand Architecture
```
BRAND ARCHITECTURE MODELS:
BRANDED HOUSE:
- Single master brand
- All products under one umbrella
- Example: Google (Google Maps, Gmail, etc.)
- Pro: Brand equity transfer
- Con: Risk concentration
HOUSE OF BRANDS:
- Independent brand identities
- Parent company invisible
- Example: P&G (Tide, Pampers, Crest)
- Pro: Risk isolation
- Con: No equity leverage
ENDORSED BRANDS:
- Sub-brands with parent endorsement
- Example: Marriott (Courtyard by Marriott)
- Pro: Balance of independence and credibility
SUB-BRANDS:
- Parent-driven with modifiers
- Example: Apple iPhone, iPad, iMac
- Pro: Clear hierarchy, shared equity
```
### Brand Positioning Framework
```
POSITIONING STATEMENT:
For [target audience]
Who [need/want]
[Brand] is the [category]
That [key benefit]
Because [reason to believe]
Unlike [competitive alternative]
BRAND PYRAMID:
PURPOSE
/ \
VALUES \
/ \
PERSONALITY \
/ \
EMOTIONAL BENEFITS \
/ \
FUNCTIONAL BENEFITS \
/ \
ATTRIBUTES/FEATURES--------
```
### Brand Health Metrics
- | Metric | Measurement | Frequency |
- |--------|-------------|-----------|
- | **Awareness** | Aided/unaided recall | Quarterly |
- | **Consideration** | Would consider purchasing | Quarterly |
- | **Preference** | Preferred over competitors | Quarterly |
- | **NPS** | Net Promoter Score | Monthly |
- | **Brand Equity** | Dollar value of brand | Annually |
- | **Share of Voice** | Media mentions vs. competitors | Monthly |
+ | Metric | Measurement | Frequency |
+ | ------------------ | ------------------------------ | --------- |
+ | **Awareness** | Aided/unaided recall | Quarterly |
+ | **Consideration** | Would consider purchasing | Quarterly |
+ | **Preference** | Preferred over competitors | Quarterly |
+ | **NPS** | Net Promoter Score | Monthly |
+ | **Brand Equity** | Dollar value of brand | Annually |
+ | **Share of Voice** | Media mentions vs. competitors | Monthly |
## Market Research
### Research Methodology Selection
- | Method | When to Use | Sample Size | Timeline |
- |--------|-------------|-------------|----------|
- | **Surveys** | Quantify attitudes, behaviors | 400-1000+ | 2-4 weeks |
- | **Focus Groups** | Explore opinions, reactions | 6-10 per group | 2-3 weeks |
- | **In-depth Interviews** | Deep understanding | 15-30 | 3-4 weeks |
- | **Ethnography** | Observe real behavior | 10-20 | 4-8 weeks |
- | **A/B Testing** | Compare options | 1000+ per variant | 2-4 weeks |
- | **Social Listening** | Track conversations | N/A | Ongoing |
+ | Method | When to Use | Sample Size | Timeline |
+ | ----------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------- | --------- |
+ | **Surveys** | Quantify attitudes, behaviors | 400-1000+ | 2-4 weeks |
+ | **Focus Groups** | Explore opinions, reactions | 6-10 per group | 2-3 weeks |
+ | **In-depth Interviews** | Deep understanding | 15-30 | 3-4 weeks |
+ | **Ethnography** | Observe real behavior | 10-20 | 4-8 weeks |
+ | **A/B Testing** | Compare options | 1000+ per variant | 2-4 weeks |
+ | **Social Listening** | Track conversations | N/A | Ongoing |
### Customer Journey Mapping
```
JOURNEY STAGES:
AWARENESS
- Channels: Advertising, PR, social, content
- Touchpoints: Ads, articles, reviews, WOM
- Emotions: Curiosity, interest
- Metrics: Reach, impressions, awareness
CONSIDERATION
- Channels: Website, search, comparisons
- Touchpoints: Product pages, demos, trials
- Emotions: Evaluation, uncertainty
- Metrics: Traffic, engagement, leads
PURCHASE
- Channels: E-commerce, retail, sales
- Touchpoints: Cart, checkout, contract
- Emotions: Anxiety, excitement
- Metrics: Conversion, AOV, close rate
RETENTION
- Channels: Email, support, community
- Touchpoints: Onboarding, support, updates
- Emotions: Satisfaction, frustration
- Metrics: Retention, NPS, CSAT
ADVOCACY
- Channels: Social, reviews, referrals
- Touchpoints: Sharing, reviews, referrals
- Emotions: Loyalty, enthusiasm
- Metrics: Referral rate, reviews, UGC
```
## Customer Segmentation
### Segmentation Approaches
- | Type | Basis | Examples |
- |------|-------|----------|
- | **Demographic** | Who they are | Age, income, education |
- | **Geographic** | Where they are | Region, urban/rural, climate |
- | **Psychographic** | What they value | Lifestyle, attitudes, interests |
- | **Behavioral** | What they do | Usage, loyalty, occasions |
- | **Needs-based** | What they need | Jobs to be done, pain points |
- | **Value-based** | What they're worth | CLV, profitability |
+ | Type | Basis | Examples |
+ | ----------------- | ------------------ | ------------------------------- |
+ | **Demographic** | Who they are | Age, income, education |
+ | **Geographic** | Where they are | Region, urban/rural, climate |
+ | **Psychographic** | What they value | Lifestyle, attitudes, interests |
+ | **Behavioral** | What they do | Usage, loyalty, occasions |
+ | **Needs-based** | What they need | Jobs to be done, pain points |
+ | **Value-based** | What they're worth | CLV, profitability |
### Segmentation Framework
```
EFFECTIVE SEGMENTS ARE:
- Measurable: Size and characteristics quantifiable
- Substantial: Large enough to be profitable
- Accessible: Can be reached effectively
- Differentiable: Respond differently to marketing
- Actionable: Can design programs for them
SEGMENT PRIORITIZATION:
| Segment | Size | Growth | Profitability | Fit | Priority |
|---------|------|--------|---------------|-----|----------|
| A | | | | | |
| B | | | | | |
| C | | | | | |
```
### Persona Development
```
PERSONA TEMPLATE:
NAME: [Representative name]
PHOTO: [Stock image]
DEMOGRAPHICS:
- Age, gender, location
- Income, education
- Family status, occupation
PSYCHOGRAPHICS:
- Values and beliefs
- Interests and hobbies
- Media consumption
GOALS & CHALLENGES:
- What they're trying to achieve
- Pain points and frustrations
- Barriers to success
BUYING BEHAVIOR:
- Decision criteria
- Information sources
- Objections and concerns
QUOTE:
"A representative statement that captures their perspective"
```
## Digital Marketing
### Channel Strategy
- | Channel | Best For | Key Metrics |
- |---------|----------|-------------|
- | **SEO** | Long-term traffic, authority | Organic traffic, rankings, DA |
- | **SEM/PPC** | Immediate visibility, intent | CTR, CPC, ROAS |
- | **Social Media** | Awareness, engagement | Reach, engagement, followers |
- | **Email** | Retention, conversion | Open rate, CTR, conversions |
- | **Content** | Authority, SEO, nurture | Traffic, time on page, shares |
- | **Display** | Awareness, retargeting | Impressions, viewability, CTR |
- | **Affiliate** | Performance-based reach | Conversions, revenue, CAC |
+ | Channel | Best For | Key Metrics |
+ | ---------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
+ | **SEO** | Long-term traffic, authority | Organic traffic, rankings, DA |
+ | **SEM/PPC** | Immediate visibility, intent | CTR, CPC, ROAS |
+ | **Social Media** | Awareness, engagement | Reach, engagement, followers |
+ | **Email** | Retention, conversion | Open rate, CTR, conversions |
+ | **Content** | Authority, SEO, nurture | Traffic, time on page, shares |
+ | **Display** | Awareness, retargeting | Impressions, viewability, CTR |
+ | **Affiliate** | Performance-based reach | Conversions, revenue, CAC |
### Marketing Funnel Metrics
```
AWARENESS → INTEREST → CONSIDERATION → PURCHASE → LOYALTY
TOFU (Top of Funnel):
- Impressions
- Reach
- Website visitors
- Social followers
MOFU (Middle of Funnel):
- Leads generated
- MQLs
- Content downloads
- Email subscribers
BOFU (Bottom of Funnel):
- SQLs
- Opportunities
- Conversion rate
- Revenue
POST-PURCHASE:
- Retention rate
- NPS
- Repeat purchase rate
- Referrals
```
### Marketing Technology Stack
```
CORE SYSTEMS:
CRM: Customer data management
- Salesforce, HubSpot, Dynamics
MAP: Marketing automation
- Marketo, Pardot, HubSpot
CMS: Content management
- WordPress, Adobe Experience Manager
ANALYTICS: Performance measurement
- Google Analytics, Adobe Analytics
CDP: Customer data platform
- Segment, Tealium, Adobe CDP
ADDITIONAL TOOLS:
- Social management (Sprout, Hootsuite)
- SEO tools (SEMrush, Ahrefs)
- Email (Mailchimp, Klaviyo)
- Advertising (Google Ads, Meta)
- Personalization (Optimizely, Dynamic Yield)
```
## Content Strategy
### Content Pillars Framework
```
CONTENT PILLARS:
Strategic themes that align content with brand positioning
PILLAR STRUCTURE:
| Pillar | Audience Need | Business Goal | Content Types |
|--------|---------------|---------------|---------------|
| 1 | | | |
| 2 | | | |
| 3 | | | |
CONTENT MATRIX:
| Stage | Educational | Entertaining | Inspiring | Convincing |
|-------|-------------|--------------|-----------|------------|
| Awareness | Blog posts | Videos | Stories | |
| Consideration | Guides | Webinars | Case studies | Comparisons |
| Decision | | | Testimonials | Demos |
```
### Content Calendar
- | Element | Frequency | Owner |
- |---------|-----------|-------|
- | **Blog** | 2-4x/week | Content team |
- | **Social** | Daily | Social team |
- | **Email** | Weekly | Email team |
- | **Video** | Weekly | Creative |
- | **Webinar** | Monthly | Demand gen |
+ | Element | Frequency | Owner |
+ | --------------- | --------- | ------------ |
+ | **Blog** | 2-4x/week | Content team |
+ | **Social** | Daily | Social team |
+ | **Email** | Weekly | Email team |
+ | **Video** | Weekly | Creative |
+ | **Webinar** | Monthly | Demand gen |
| **White Paper** | Quarterly | Content team |
## Marketing Analytics
### Marketing Metrics Framework
- | Category | Metric | Formula |
- |----------|--------|---------|
- | **Acquisition** | CAC | Total marketing spend / New customers |
- | | CPL | Marketing spend / Leads |
- | | ROAS | Revenue / Ad spend |
- | **Engagement** | CTR | Clicks / Impressions |
- | | Engagement Rate | Engagements / Reach |
- | | Time on Site | Average session duration |
- | **Conversion** | Conversion Rate | Conversions / Visitors |
- | | Lead-to-Customer | Customers / Leads |
- | | Cart Abandonment | Abandoned / Started |
- | **Value** | CLV | Average value x Purchase frequency x Lifespan |
- | | CLV:CAC | Customer lifetime value / CAC |
- | | Marketing ROI | (Revenue - Cost) / Cost |
+ | Category | Metric | Formula |
+ | --------------- | ---------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
+ | **Acquisition** | CAC | Total marketing spend / New customers |
+ | | CPL | Marketing spend / Leads |
+ | | ROAS | Revenue / Ad spend |
+ | **Engagement** | CTR | Clicks / Impressions |
+ | | Engagement Rate | Engagements / Reach |
+ | | Time on Site | Average session duration |
+ | **Conversion** | Conversion Rate | Conversions / Visitors |
+ | | Lead-to-Customer | Customers / Leads |
+ | | Cart Abandonment | Abandoned / Started |
+ | **Value** | CLV | Average value x Purchase frequency x Lifespan |
+ | | CLV:CAC | Customer lifetime value / CAC |
+ | | Marketing ROI | (Revenue - Cost) / Cost |
### Attribution Models
- | Model | Description | Best For |
- |-------|-------------|----------|
- | **First Touch** | 100% credit to first interaction | Awareness campaigns |
- | **Last Touch** | 100% credit to last interaction | Direct response |
- | **Linear** | Equal credit across all touches | Long sales cycles |
- | **Time Decay** | More credit to recent touches | Nurture campaigns |
- | **Position-Based** | 40% first, 40% last, 20% middle | Balanced view |
- | **Data-Driven** | Algorithmic attribution | Large datasets |
+ | Model | Description | Best For |
+ | ------------------ | -------------------------------- | ------------------- |
+ | **First Touch** | 100% credit to first interaction | Awareness campaigns |
+ | **Last Touch** | 100% credit to last interaction | Direct response |
+ | **Linear** | Equal credit across all touches | Long sales cycles |
+ | **Time Decay** | More credit to recent touches | Nurture campaigns |
+ | **Position-Based** | 40% first, 40% last, 20% middle | Balanced view |
+ | **Data-Driven** | Algorithmic attribution | Large datasets |
## Campaign Management
### Campaign Planning Template
```
CAMPAIGN BRIEF:
OBJECTIVE:
- Business goal (revenue, leads, awareness)
- SMART metrics (specific targets)
TARGET AUDIENCE:
- Primary segment
- Secondary segment
- Exclusions
KEY MESSAGE:
- Main proposition
- Supporting messages
- Call to action
CREATIVE REQUIREMENTS:
- Channels and formats
- Assets needed
- Brand guidelines
BUDGET ALLOCATION:
| Channel | Budget | Expected Results |
|---------|--------|------------------|
| | | |
TIMELINE:
- Planning: [dates]
- Creative: [dates]
- Launch: [date]
- Optimization: [dates]
- Wrap-up: [date]
SUCCESS METRICS:
- Primary KPI: [target]
- Secondary KPIs: [targets]
```
### Campaign Optimization
```
OPTIMIZATION CADENCE:
Daily:
- Budget pacing
- Bid adjustments
- Pause underperformers
Weekly:
- Creative performance
- Audience refinement
- A/B test results
Monthly:
- Channel mix optimization
- Strategy adjustments
- Forecast updates
POST-CAMPAIGN:
- Performance analysis
- ROI calculation
- Learnings documentation
- Next campaign recommendations
```
## PR & Communications
### PR Strategy Framework
```
EARNED MEDIA APPROACH:
PROACTIVE:
- News announcements
- Thought leadership
- Executive visibility
- Industry awards
REACTIVE:
- Media inquiries
- Crisis response
- Issues management
- Rapid response
MEASUREMENT:
- Media impressions
- Share of voice
- Message pull-through
- Sentiment analysis
```
### Crisis Communication
```
RESPONSE PROTOCOL:
ASSESS (0-1 hour):
- Confirm facts
- Assess severity
- Notify leadership
- Activate team
RESPOND (1-4 hours):
- Holding statement
- Internal communication
- Social monitoring
- Media inquiries
MANAGE (ongoing):
- Regular updates
- Stakeholder outreach
- Narrative control
- Documentation
RECOVER (post-crisis):
- After-action review
- Reputation repair
- Process improvement
```
## See Also
- [Sales](../sales/SKILL.md)
- [Product Management](../product-management/SKILL.md)
- [Data Science](../data-science/SKILL.md)